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Backus, John Warner

(Encyclopedia)Backus, John Warner, 1924–2007, American computer scientist, b. Philadelphia, grad. Columbia (M.A. 1950). Trained as a mathematician, he was hired (1950) by IBM Corp. as a computer programmer. From ...

fluoroscope

(Encyclopedia)fluoroscope flo͝orˈəskōp [key], instrument consisting of an X-ray machine (see X ray) and a fluorescent screen that may be used by physicians to view the internal organs of the body. During medica...

Turing, Alan Mathison

(Encyclopedia)Turing, Alan Mathison, 1912–54, British mathematician and computer theorist. While studying at Cambridge he began work in predicate logic that led to a proof (1937) that some mathematical problems a...

Rock Island, town, Canada

(Encyclopedia)Rock Island, town (1991 pop. 1,067), S Que., Canada, at the Vermont border. It is the seat of Stanstead College. Machine tools, dies, and textiles are made. ...

Fraser, city, United States

(Encyclopedia)Fraser, city (2020 pop. 14,352), Macomb co., SE Mich., a suburb of Detroit; inc. as a village 1894, as a city 1957. Automated machine tools and steel pr...

computer-aided manufacturing

(Encyclopedia)computer-aided manufacturing (CAM), a form of automation where computers communicate work instructions directly to the manufacturing machinery. The technology evolved from the numerically controlled m...

Woodcock, Leonard Freel

(Encyclopedia)Woodcock, Leonard Freel, 1911–2000, American labor leader, b. Providence, R.I. In 1933 he went to work as a machine assembler at the Detroit Gear and Machine Co., where he joined a union that became...

Turing test

(Encyclopedia)Turing test, a procedure to test whether a computer is capable of humanlike thought. As proposed (1950) by the British mathematician Alan Turing, a person (the interrogator) sits with a teletype machi...

Yegorevsk

(Encyclopedia)Yegorevsk yĭgôˈryəfsk [key], city (1989 pop. 74,000), W central European Russia. It is a cotton-milling and textile center and also produces machine tools. ...

San Carlos

(Encyclopedia)San Carlos săn kärˈlōs [key], residential city (1990 pop. 26,167), San Mateo co., W Calif.; inc. 1925. The chief manufactures are plastic products, hardware, and machine parts. ...